The Use of Force
By Tamba Sorie
The use of force continuum is a concept that provides guidelines for law enforcement officers to use force in a manner that is proportionate and appropriate to the situation.
This continuum typically ranges from verbal commands and minimal force to deadly force, with officers expected to escalate or de-escalate their use of force based on the level of threat or resistance they encounter. In Sierra Leone, as in many other countries, issues related to the use of force continuum may arise, and some common concerns and challenges include:
Inconsistent Application: One issue is the inconsistent application of the use of force continuum. Some officers may not receive adequate training or guidance on when and how to escalate or de-escalate force, leading to situations where force is applied inappropriately.
Excessive Use of Force: There have been cases where police officers are accused of using excessive force, even when the situation may not warrant such a response. This can result in unnecessary harm to individuals and is a violation of human rights.
Lack of De-escalation Techniques: Some officers may not have sufficient training in de-escalation techniques, which are essential for peacefully resolving conflicts and minimizing the need for physical force.
Use of Deadly Force: Concerns have been raised about the use of deadly force in certain situations. The use of firearms should be a last resort and strictly governed by law and policy.
Accountability and Oversight: There may be challenges in holding officers accountable for their use of force, especially when it is inappropriate or excessive. Transparency and effective oversight mechanisms are essential to address this issue.
Training and Resources: Adequate training and resources are critical for officers to effectively implement the use of force continuum. A lack of resources or outdated training can lead to improper responses.
Community Engagement: Building trust and cooperation with the community is an important aspect of using the force continuum effectively. When communities do not trust the police, it can lead to confrontational situations.
To address these issues, the Sierra Leone Police may need to focus on the following:
Training and Education: Providing regular, up-to-date training on the use of force continuum, de-escalation techniques, and the legal and human rights standards related to the use of force.
Clear Policies and Guidelines: Ensuring that there are clear and well-communicated policies and guidelines regarding the use of force, which are in line with international human rights norms.
Oversight and Accountability: Strengthening oversight mechanisms, such as the Independent Police Complaints Board (IPCB), and ensuring that officers who misuse force are held accountable.
Community Policing: Implementing community policing strategies to engage with and build trust within the community, which can help in conflict resolution without resorting to force.
Crisis Intervention Training: Providing officers with specialized training in crisis intervention and dealing with individuals experiencing mental health crises, as these situations often require a different approach.
Efforts to address these issues can help ensure that the use of force continuum is applied in a manner that respects the rights and dignity of individuals in Sierra Leone while also ensuring the safety and security of the public and law enforcement officers.
